What are Infections?
Infection refers to the process by which organisms such as bacteria, fungi, or viruses enter the body and multiply. When the your immune system cannot fight these organisms off, an infection results and can cause disease.
Most infections are contracted through contact with other humans or animals, through actions such as shaking someone’s hand that is infected with a virus, drinking contaminated water, ingesting undercooked food, contracting a sexually transmitted disease, or being bitten by an animal.
Poor nutrition, illness, lack of sleep, substance abuse, trauma or prolonged exposure to cold can all encourage an infection, as they lower the body’s resistance.
Types of Infections
Localized Infections
The infection is restricted to one particular part of the body, and areas affected are usually red, tender, swollen, and warm. A fever may develop and pus may be present at the site. Localized infections can usually be treated at home, but if not cared for properly, a more serious infection may develop and spread. Internal localized infections such as in the appendix or the heart are very serious and require prompt medical intervention.
Systemic Infections
Systemic infections are spread through the bloodstream to the entire body, and shakiness, chills, weakness, nausea, vomiting, and aches in the joints may be felt. Systemic infections can vary in severity with infections such as influenza, usually responding well to home treatment, while other conditions such as septicaemia or malaria require urgent medical attention.
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